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tFVs֧΄Y(ji)(gu)cܵӰ

tFVs֧΄Y(ji)(gu)cܵӰ

28 9 20139

o C W(xu) . 28No. 9 Sep. , 2013of Inorganic Materials

¾̖: 1000-324X(2013)09-1019-06 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12689

tFVs֧΄Y(ji)(gu)cܵӰ

1,2, Lji1,2, ܊1,2, κꂥ1,2, 1,2, 1,2

(̫ԭW(xu) 1. ϿƌW(xu)čW(xu)Ժ; 2. ²Ͻcc; ̫ԭ 030024)

ժ  Ҫ: ԵƷλCLK6-62X\Ҫԭ, ßoџg(sh)ƂtFVsX\ʯ͉֧΄, , tFVsЧMtͰĪʯİl(f), , tFV2wt%r, ԇӟY(ji)ضȿɽ60 (1480 浽1420 ), 1.8%(δsԇ: 5.1%), ^õƏVǰ

P(gun)  I  ~: X\; tFV; ʯ͉֧΄; ЈD̖: TQ174      īI(bio)Ra: A

Feng1,2, WU Yao-Peng1,21,21,2, LIANG Wei1,2

030024, China): 2O3)

wt%) on phase composition, microstructure and 2-2xCr2xO3,0x1 and optimized proppant sample with 2wt% chromite doped, sintered at 1420 for 2 h shows a breakage ratio of only 1.8% under the pressure of 69 MPa. Furthermore, 2 wt% chromite doping decreases the sintering temperature by 60 (from 1480 to 1420 ). This process enables the production of high-strength fracturing proppant from low-rank mineral materials and demonstrates a promising practical application.

words: bauxite ; chromite; fracturing proppant; breakage ratio

֧΄֧;ˮѲγɵѿp, ṩߝB͸ԭͨ, Ķ޶ȵھ;a(chn)[1-3]о, ֧΄a(chn)g(sh)ʹξƽa(chn)30%~50%, @Ч

ͶMõ3~7[4-7], ҇ʯ̽82%͝B͸, ڃӵͿ͝BǾ|(zh)ȱc, 회ʩ֧΄a(chn)_l(f)[7]

ո: 2012-11-14; յ޸ĸ: 2012-12-26

Ŀ: úD(zhun)c_Ż(09-102); ȫʿ(2012M52060); ̫ԭW(xu)2012У/

(2012L052)

Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion(09-102); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M52060); Spe-cial/Youth Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology (2012L052)

ߺ: (1965-), , . E-mail:sxgaof@http://www.wenkuxiazai.com

o C W(xu) 28

Ŀǰ, (ni)֧΄ͨ^oџg(sh)Ƃ, ҪԭϞX\, ͨ^ӟY(ji){(dio)ԇ΢^ò, ԇ69 MPa]ωһ3%, Rѩ[8]X\ճҪԭ, ͨ^iVƂ69 MPaʞ4.1%֧΄; [9]ԸFX\Ҫԭ, oiFۺճY(ji)Ƃ69 MPaʞ3.4%ĸߏ֧΄ԇЈϬF(xin)Юa(chn)Ʒ, Carbo˾a(chn)CARBOProp֧΄ϵЮa(chn)Ʒ, 69 MPa

 

4.4%~6.3%֮g[10]

X\MA(y)p̎ȥgM(Y(ji)ˮЙCP̼}), ø߼ԭ(繤I(y)X)@ԇӿ; ߺ[11]ԭA(y)p̎ˇ@69 MPa1.61%֧΄ԇ; wGs[12]ùI(y)XƂ86 MPaʣ2.5%Čԇ; Duenckel[13](ճ)Y(ji)̎Ƃweܶ3, 69 MPaʞ2.9%֧΄ƷrЧƂ֧΄(69 MPaʣ3%)g(sh)y}

о, , , XմɵęCе, 95мm

O3ʹƷĥpʽ15%[17]; 9.5% ~ 12.5%tsɌ߼uij͉һ, 70~100 MPa150 MPa[18]

FڸߜγҺM, ɼق|(zh)^̴Mԇܻ, џض[19-21]

ϵy(tng)оtFVӄX\ʯ

͉֧΄΢Y(ji)(gu)ܵӰ, CLK6-62X\ɹƂmI(y)ĸߏ֧΄

1

1.1  (37 mY(44 mY1(a)ʾXRDDV֪, (DK)XAlOOH((bio)(zhn)Ƭ̖: ͸ߎXʯAl4(OH)8(Si4O10)((bio)(zhn)D1(b)tFV, Y(ji)FeCr2O4((bio)(zhn)Ƭ̖: ԭϻW(xu)M(1)ʾ

x

R02͏ϙC, EX115weܶȜyԇx, SXL-1700ʽ늠t, SZX7wҕ@΢Rϵy(tng), WHY-300͉ԇC, D8-AdvanceX侀x, JSM-6700F͈l(f)@΢R

D1  ԭ(a)X\(b)tFVXRDDV

1. 1  XRD patterns of the raw materials (a) bauxite and (b) chromite

1  ԭϵĻW(xu)M/wt%

1  Chemical composition of the raw materials /wt%

materials Bauxite Chromite Al2O3 SiO2 Fe2O3 TiO2 CaO MgO Cr2O3 FeO Ignition loss 66.80 10.4 2.40 2.32 1.21 0.21 0.04 - 14.20 1.28 7.23 -

.06 7.89 46.21 22.37

.31 0.23

9

, : tFVs֧΄Y(ji)(gu)cܵӰ 1021

.3  򞷽

о֧΄Ƃw򞲽E: ȷQȡԭϼEIRICH-R02ͻϙCЙCе8~10 min; ȡԭ|(zh)10%~12%ˮϙCʹϳ, Su, Yȡ710~1000 mİƷ; ֮105 lºˮ<5wt% ; Ȼ5 /minصһضȺ󱣜2 hџ̎, ȻYȡ425~850 mџԇӱ?zhn)á̖G0G1G2G3G4G5ԇӷքeʾԇԭtFVռ|(zh)ٷֱȞ01wt%2wt%3wt%4wt%5wt%ԇܰЇʯȻИI(y)(bio)(zhn)SY/T 5108-2006MМyԇ[22]ԇƂ̈DD2ʾ

 

 

2Y(ji)cӑՓ

2.1  tFV֧΄Y(ji)ضȵӰ

D3oԇweܶ-џضȵP(gun)ϵ

ɈD3֪, ԇӳF(xin)weֵܶğY(ji)ضcStFVӶ(Y(ji)ض: TG0= 1480 > TG1 = 1450 > TG2, TG3, TG4 = 1420 >TG5 = 1390 )ͬr, ߓsԇG4G5(jng)1480 ̎Y(ji)K(δܫ@(yng)weܶȔ(sh)(j)), tFVMƷߜҺ, Ķ˟Y(ji)ض; Y(ji)tFVɷַJ, ҺγɿtFV(dng)еFߜ[19-21]

ĈD3߀԰l(f)F(xin), ԇG0, sԇӵij, ; ԼY(ji)^w, , (ni)ך

D2  ̈D

D3  ֧΄weܶcџضȵP(gun)ϵ

. 3  Variation of bulk density with the sintering temperature

 

o C W(xu)

28

D4  ֧΄69 MPalcџضȵP(gun)ϵ Fig. 4  Variation of breakage ratio with sintering temperature at 69 MPa

 

D5  XRDDV

FIG. 5

weÛ, ĶweܶȽ

D4ԇ69 MPa]ωµcџضȵP(gun)ϵDГsԇSџض߳F(xin)Ƚ׃څ, @һڅcԇweܶȵ׃څ෴MһδscsԇӰl(f)F(xin), ֵF(xin)ʵĜضc((yng)Ĝضc: TG0=1480 > TG1=1450 > G2, TG4 = 1420 >TG5=1390 )cͬ, ̶ܻP(gun): ȵຬ, ; ض1420 ̎G2(δsԇӽ64.7%(5.1%), ָ(bio)(3%~6%)[8-10]

, ¹ܷ(yng):  )Al2O3xCr2xO3(0<x<1), īI[13-16], SEMƬɈD6(a)~(c): 1360 ̎G2ԇ(D6(a))ڴֲ, M, ˘Ʒ69 MPaʸ_8.9%; (dng)џضȞ1420 r(D6(b)), ԇгF(xin)e, E1.8%џضMһ1480 , tԇӳߴ@, ͬrԇӵweܶ@(D3), ԇӳF(xin)^F(xin), ԓԇӵߵ4.4%Mһͬ̎ضµδs͓sԇ(D6(c),(d))֪, tFVԇаܶ@δsƷG2Ʒ΢^(q)V, tԪҪֲwӅ^(q)(6at%~8at%), Ӆ^(q)t, ԔඨwӞt, ӞĪʯĪʯɵıҪlǟɕrmҺMݺAl2O3/SiO2[25]X\D-K, ߎXʯ980~1200 rֽһĪʯcSiO2[26]((yng)ʽ: 3(Al2O32SiO2)3Al2O32SiO2 4SiO2); (dng)ضȸ1100 r, ÓuˮXʯ_ʼD(zhun)γɄ[27]FeO-SiO2ϵwڻضȞ1170 [28-29], tFVļMҺ^͜ضγSضȵ, ҺճȽ, ɵҺc|ıܽ-Al2O3, ڽ|γm

2.2  tFVsC̽

D5ԇӽ(jng)џض̎XRDDV, l(f)F(xin)ԇMɻͬ(: ; ξ: Ī; ΢: FX)ԇЄStFVӶͽǶƫ(211): 37.8237.7637.7437.68, (210): 43.3843.3443.3243.24, (321): 57.5057.4657.4257.34), nm) tFVеİ돽^tx(Cr3 : 0.069 ȡ˄а돽^СXx(Al3 : 0.053 nm) γ˾(sh)tࡣīIо, t1100 r_ʼйγt

9

 

, : tFVs֧΄Y(ji)(gu)cܵӰ 1023

D6

2. 6  (a) 1360 ,G2; (b) 1420 , G2; (c) 1480 , G5

ĪʯγɵAl2O3/SiO2, Īʯw[30]D6(e)G5ԇӵĔSEMƬ, wwY(ji)(gu), ^ĈA΃(ni), F(xin), չ, ԇʞ6.2%, t; 2), Y(ji)ƶ, γmճY(ji)ĸߏȏ(f)w, ְl(f)]Mֵă(yu), ֿͬdµ׃κƉ

.83 g/cm3,  69MPa]ω1.8%ğY(ji)ԇ, δsԇ64.7%, џضȽ60 

:

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the effects of proppant-pack diagenesis on fracture treat-ments. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2010, 74(1/2): 67-76.

[2] Wen Q Z, Zhang S,Wang L, et al. The effect of proppant embed-ment upon the long-term conductivity of fractures. Journal of Pe-troleum Science and Engineering, 2007, 55(3/4): 221-227. [3] Hammond P S. Setting and slumping in a Newtonian slurry, and

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[4] Rickards A R, Brannon H D, Wood W D, et al. High Strength, Ul-tra-lightweight Proppant Lends New Dimensions to Hydraulic Fracturing Applications. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003: 1-4.

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[8] MA Xue, YAO Xiao. Preparation and mechanisms of light-weight

strength ceramisite proppant. Journal of Ceramics, 2008, 29(2): 91-95.

Y(ji)Փ

ԵƷλCLK6-62X\Ҫԭ, tFVY(ji)ƂmI(y)ĉ֧΄о, tFVԴMߏtγɼeĪʯİl(f), Ķֿͬdµ׃κƉԇtFVڽ͟Y(ji)ضY(ji)ԇweܶr, ͡џضȞ1420 , tFV2wt%

o C W(xu) 28

[9] . һNܶȸߏ͚⾮֧΄Ƃ䷽.

Ї: 102061159, 2011.05.18.

[10] Palamara Thomas C, Wilson Brett Allen. Methods for Producing

Particles from a Slurry of an Alumina-containing Raw Material. US 2006/0219600 Al, 2006.10.05.

[11] GAO Hai-Li, YOU Tian-Cai, WU Hong-Xiang, et al. The devel-opment  of high-strength oil hydraulic fraturing. Ceramics, 2006 (10): 43-46.

[12] ZHAO Yan-Rong, WU BO-Lin, WU Ting-Ting. The development

high-alumina ceramic proppants. China Ceramics, 2010, 46(2): 46-49.

[13] Duenckel Robert, Edmunds Mark, Eldred Benjamin, et al. Sintered

Pellets. USA: US 20100126728Al.2010.05.27.

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induced by chromia addition. Acta Metall. Mater., 1995, 43(3): 977-984.

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[16] Hirata T, Akiyama K, Yamamoto h, et al. Sintering behavior of

O3-Al2O3 ceramics. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2000, 20(2): 195-199.

[17] tance of the 95 chromium alumina ceramics.  37-40.

[18] WU Ai-Jun, Wang Hong-Xia, LI Huan-Niu, plication of chrome-corundum brick.  165-166.

[19] T2O10(5): [20] 2O3.

of Materials Science Letters, 1999, 18(14): 1115-1117. [21] Tartaj J, Messing G L. Effect of the addition of Fe2O3 on the Mi-crostructural development of boehmite-derived alumina. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1997, 16(2): 168-170.

[22] A񹲺͇ʯȻИI(y)(bio)(zhn)SY/T 5108-2006. ֧

΄ܼyԇ].

[23] LI Zhi-Gang, YE Fang-Bao. Effects of chrome oxide on phase

,microstructure and strength of zero cement corundum castables. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2008, 27(1): 147-150.

[24] Partyka Janusz J. Wear resistance of crystals of corundum doped

Cr2O3, TiO2, and CoO. Journal of the European Ceramic So-ciety, 1997, -1612.

[25] ANG Zheng-Fang, et al. Fabrication

, 26(2): 1-7. [26] et al.

(15): 502-505. , . մɹˇW(xu). : ЇpI(y)

-73.

Refractories, 1996, (2): 56-58. [29]et al. Influence of

of Inorganic  2007, 22(3): 423-426.

in reaction sintering of Al2O3/SiO2 containing mixed powders. Journal of Ceramics, 2002, 23(3): 149-155.

 

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Aڭh(hun)Ƽ޹˾I(y)YԴߎXИI(y)a(chn)ĻD(zhun)G\D(zhun)ʿ10%a(chn)5%10%ܺĽ20%a(chn)_50-500t/dӹ(ji)ܭh(hun)󣬿ֱԃ18637113703(΢̖ͬ)Aڭh(hun)Ƽ˾\(w)Srgӭǰ텢^!

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